Document Type : Original Article
Abstract
In its philosophical sense, the word "culture" maybe said to have both non-human and human origins. One kind of culture (and its components and elements) is inherently non-human, and hence a gift from God. Another kind of culture originates from human thinking. As for the latter, it is logical and acceptable to speak of cultural planning and management. The first category, however, is slightly more complicated and controversial. This article is an attempt to make a distinction between these two types of culture and suggest that not only cultural programming for the explanation of human cultures is possible, but also we can plan for cultures with non-human origin. This is to say that although culture and sophism have non-human origin, it is possible to protect and promote their heritage in different places and times by human beings.
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