Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Postdoctoral researcher in philosophy at university of Tabriz.

2 Associate professor of philosophy- University of Tabriz

Abstract

Lacan and Levinas were among the first contemporary thinkers of the twentieth century who have put emphasize on the concepts of otherness and subjectivity. The approach of these two thinkers to the issue has been accompanied by critique and challenge of rational subjectivism and the ethics of modern philosophy. Accordingly, the decentralization of the self-sovereignty subject, the priority of the other in the destruction of subjectivity and the redefinition of Ethics among the common principles that have been heuristic in presenting their new reading of the subject. However, Lacan and Levinas have taken different interpretations, insights, and conclusions in their attempts to explain the meaning of the other, the reason for its priority over the subject, and also to redefine the subject. On the one hand, in the contexts of structuralist and poststructuralist approaches in the heart of the field of psychoanalysis, Lacan Summoned the lacking subject, which is split and barred, to resist and negate with the structure of the big other, and in this resistance, the concept of desire plays a key role. On the other hand, Levinas with a phenomenological approach and in the heart of a religion-based approach, exposes the subject to the other with asymmetric responsibility, and in this regard, the face of the other plays a fundamental role in evoking the inescapable responsibility in the subject. Lacan and Levinas deal with two different aspects of otherness, which has also led to a different reading of subjectivity.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  • اصغری، محمد(1389)، آیا اخلاق لویناس یک اخلاق پست مدرن است؟، فصل­نامة تأملات فلسفی، دانشگاه زنجان، شماره 6، تابستان، (ص 157-141).
  • اصغری، محمد (1388)، رابطة اخلاق و الهیات در فلسفةایمانوئل لویناس، فصل­نامة تأملات فلسفی، دانشگاه زنجان، سال اول، شمارة چهارم، زمستان، (ص 42-27).
  • دیویس، کالین، (1386)، درآمدی بر اندیشة لویناس، ترجمة مسعود علیا، تهران، انتشارات انجمن و حکمت.
  • علیا، مسعود، (1388)، کشف دیگری همراه با لویناس، تهران، نشر نی.
  • زوپانچیچ، آلنکا (1396)، اخلاقیات امر واقعی: کانت و لکان، ترجمه علی حسن­زاده، چاپ یکم، تهران: انتشارات آگاه.
  •  
  • Assoun, Paul-Laurent, (1998), “The Subject and the Other in Levinas and Lacan” in Levinas and Lacan: The Missed Encounter, State University of New York Press. P 79-100.
  • Bailly, Lionel, (2009), Lacan: A Beginner’s Guide, Oneworld Publications  London, United Kingdom.
  • Bernasconi, Robert, Stacy, Keltner, (2002), Emmanuel Levinas: The Phenomenology of Sociality and the Ethics of Alterity. in Drummond, John ed., Phenomenological Approaches to Moral PhilosophyDordrecht: Kluwer, 2002), pp. 249-268
  • Bertens, Johannes Willem & Natoli, Joseph, P (2002), Postmodernism: The Key Figures, Publisher Wiley- Blackwell.
  • Bigagli, Francesco. (2010). “And Who Art Thou, Boy? Face-to-Face with Bartleby; or Levinas and the Other”. Leviathan. Volume 12 (3), 37-53.
  • Boothby, Richard (2001), Freud as Philosopher: Metapsychology after Lacan, Routledge
  • Bowie, M. (1991), Lacan. Harvard University Press, Harvard.
  • Burggraeve, R. (1997) ‘Emmanuel Levinas: Thinker between Jerusalem and Athens, A Philosophical Biography.’ Journal of Social Philosophy. (Spring), Vol. 28, No. 1, 110-26.
  • Caudill D. (2004) ‘Identifying Law’s Unconscious: Disciplinary and Rhetorical Contexts.’ Washington & Lee Review. (Summer), Vol. 54, No. 3, 1075-90.
  • Chanter, Tina, 1998, “Reading Hegel as a Mediating Master: Lacan and Levinas” in Levinas and Lacan: The Missed Encounter, State University of New York Press. p 1-20.
  • Cornell, D (1992). The Philosophy of the Limit. Routledge Press, New York, (1992), at 99-100.
  • Cornell, Drucilla, (1998), “Rethinking the Beyond of the Real” in Levinas and Lacan: The Missed Encounter, State University of New York Press. P 139-179
  • Critchley, S. (1999) Ethics, Politics, Subjectivity: Essays on Derrida, Levinas and Contemporary French Thought. Verso Press, London.
  • Evans, D. (1996) An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Routledge Press, New York.
  • Fryer, D. (2004) The Intervention of the Other: Ethical Subjectivity in Levinas & Lacan. Other Press, New York.
  • Gondek, Hans-Dieter, 1998, “‘Cogito and Separation: Lacan and Levinas.” in Levinas and Lacan: The Missed Encounter, State University of New York Press. P 22-55.
  • Hall, D (2004). Subjectivity: The New Critical Idiom. Routledge Press, New York, (2004).
  • Harasym, S. (1998) (ed.) Levinas and Lacan: The Missed Encounter. State University of New York Press, New York.
  • Lacan, J. (1997) Ecrits: A Selection. (trans. and ed. A. Sheridan), W.W. Norton, New York.
  • Lacan, J. (1964). The Seminar. Book XI: The four fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis ( Alan Sheridan). London: Hogarth Press.
  • Lacan, J. (1992), The Ethics of Psychoanalysis 1959-1960. (ed. J.A. Miller, trans. D. Porter), W.W. Norton, New York.
  • Lacan, J. (1993) Book III: The Psychoses 1955-56. (ed. J.A. Miller, trans. R. Grigg), Routledge Press, London.
  • Lacan, J. (1977) The Four Fundamentals Concepts of Psychoanalysis (ed. J.A. Miller, trans. A. Sheridan), The Hogarth Press, London.
  • E, (1996) Totality and Infinity (trans. A. Lingis), Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh.
  • Levinas, E. (1998a) Levinas, Entre Nous: Thinking of the Other. (trans. M.B. Smith and B. Harshav), Continuum Press, London.
  • Levinas, E. (1998b) Otherwise Than Being or Beyond Essence. (trans. A. Lingis), Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh.
  • Neill, Calum (2011). Lacanian Ethics and the Assumption of Subjectivity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Nobus, D. (1998.). Key Concepts of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Rebus Press, London.
  • Purcell, M. (2006) Levinas and Theology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Pound, M. (2008) ‘The Assumption of Desire: Kierkegaard, Lacan, and the Trauma of the Eucharist.’ Journal of Cultural and Religious Theory. (Winter 2008), Vol. 9.
  • Reinhard, K. (1995) ‘Kant with Sade, Lacan with Levinas.’ Modern Language Notes the John Hopkins University Press. Vol. 110, No. 4, 785-808.
  • Ruti, Mari, (2015), Between Levinas and Lacan: Self, Other, Ethics, Bloomsbury Academic, New York.
  • Sarup, M. (1988) An Introductory Guide to Post-Structuralism and Postmodernism. Harvester Wheatsheaf, New York.
  • Stavrakakis, Y. (1999) Lacan and the Political: Thinking the Political. Routledge Press, London.
  • Wortham, Simon, (2010), The Derrida Dictionary, Continuum.