University of Zanjan Philosophical Meditations 2228-5253 15 35 2025 08 23 چیستی، چرایی و پیشینه الهیات علمی در غرب چیستی، چرایی و پیشینه الهیات علمی در غرب 367 396 710788 10.30470/phm.2024.2009700.2436 FA Javad Gholipoor Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy of Religion and Islamic Theology, Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute, Qom, Iran 0000-0002-5606-7533 Journal Article 2023 08 21 Scientific theology is the result of about half a century of efforts of contemporary Christian theologians in defending theology against new challenges. The supporter of theologians is science, and by acknowledging the privileged position of science, they are trying to strengthen the position of theology. The issue of this article is what scientific theology is and what criteria will make theology "scientific". The challenges that Christian theology faced in the new period will involve Islamic theology to some extent and therefore it is important to benefit from the experiences of Christian theologians in the form of such discussions. to answer the main problem, the works of contemporary theologians who are mostly experts in science and religion were referred to, and the findings indicate that from their point of view, theology will be "scientific" if it is based on the general scientific method such as Lakatosch science research program, Duem-Quine thesis, a posteriori approach and use theory. In addition to them, realism as one of the most important foundations of science, as well as the findings and theories of science, has been used by some to make theology scientific. Despite the positive points, this plan also has negative points, and perhaps one of the most important of them is that it is not clear why science should rely on theology, and on the other hand, considering that many methods, findings and foundations They may change, scientific theology will be a transitory and temporary project. Scientific theology is the result of about half a century of efforts of contemporary Christian theologians in defending theology against new challenges. The supporter of theologians is science, and by acknowledging the privileged position of science, they are trying to strengthen the position of theology. The issue of this article is what scientific theology is and what criteria will make theology "scientific". The challenges that Christian theology faced in the new period will involve Islamic theology to some extent and therefore it is important to benefit from the experiences of Christian theologians in the form of such discussions. to answer the main problem, the works of contemporary theologians who are mostly experts in science and religion were referred to, and the findings indicate that from their point of view, theology will be "scientific" if it is based on the general scientific method such as Lakatosch science research program, Duem-Quine thesis, a posteriori approach and use theory. In addition to them, realism as one of the most important foundations of science, as well as the findings and theories of science, has been used by some to make theology scientific. Despite the positive points, this plan also has negative points, and perhaps one of the most important of them is that it is not clear why science should rely on theology, and on the other hand, considering that many methods, findings and foundations They may change, scientific theology will be a transitory and temporary project. https://phm.znu.ac.ir/article_710788_fe4bd340f82ddfebbcec90dd1ba0ad49.pdf