دانشگاه زنجان تأملات فلسفی 2228-5253 16 37(Crises of Contemporary Humanity) 2026 06 22 Justice without religion? – How progress through secularism is slowly dividing society Justice without religion? – How progress through secularism is slowly dividing society 737255 10.30470/phm.2026.737255 FA Timo Schmitz hD student, Department of Philosophy, Trier University, Trier, Germany 0000-0002-3619-0438 Journal Article In the past, religion and state were intermingled in Western society; however, with the dawn of Enlightenment, the state was considered the only legitimate political actor with religion being dethroned. While this is often regarded to be a progress in humanity, the author wants to show that secularism leads to anti-religiosity and anti-religiosity to social division because the fundaments of a society are based on metaphysics. The common understanding of law and justice are shaped by faith-based understanding through and through. As such, the author argues that anti-religious secularism is a factor in fueling social rupture which is why faith-based actors remain important in “healing” the society. In the past, religion and state were intermingled in Western society; however, with the dawn of Enlightenment, the state was considered the only legitimate political actor with religion being dethroned. While this is often regarded to be a progress in humanity, the author wants to show that secularism leads to anti-religiosity and anti-religiosity to social division because the fundaments of a society are based on metaphysics. The common understanding of law and justice are shaped by faith-based understanding through and through. As such, the author argues that anti-religious secularism is a factor in fueling social rupture which is why faith-based actors remain important in “healing” the society. https://phm.znu.ac.ir/article_737255_e8d557e064d1e85c31d8e7d427048bf9.pdf