متافیزیکی شدن اخلاق -درآمدی بر اخلاق انسان‌محورِ افلاطون و ارسطو-

The beginning of the metaphysical era was marked by the metaphysicalization of ethics in Plato's thinking, in which we witness the transition from the mythological era to the metaphysical era. The metaphysicalization of ethics was realized in Platonic parables, which assumes a world called the world of parables to explain knowledge - which is equal to virtue. In fact, the world was like Plato's plan to explain virtue, ethics, and knowledge, and this is how a new encounter in ethics is taking place for man, which before was composed by God or mythical gods, but in the age of metaphysics, it is composed by man and philosopher himself. In fact, the divine status, under which morality was formed in the mythical period, was given to man in metaphysics by the self-sufficiency of man and human reason, and man self-sufficiently demanded the development of morality, which is somehow secular morality and separate from religion (revelation and mythology). It forms Gradually, in the age of metaphysics, this becomes more and more apparent, and I see its peak in Hegel, when man becomes like God. That a person can be self-sufficient and find a divine position provides his authority to give moral orders and compose ethics. This causes transcendental matters to become permanent and internal matters, and morals take on the appearance of this world. Of course, Saint Augustine considers what the Platonists established in ethics to be the platonic desires that have led mankind astray.